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Hymn

I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day

Born from a poet's darkest hour

Composer John Baptiste Calkin
Lyricist Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Year 1863
Origin United States

Lyrics

I heard the bells on Christmas Day
Their old, familiar carols play,
And wild and sweet
The words repeat
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!
And thought how, as the day had come,
The belfries of all Christendom
Had rolled along
The unbroken song
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!
And in despair I bowed my head;
"There is no peace on earth," I said;
"For hate is strong,
And mocks the song
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!"
Then pealed the bells more loud and deep:
"God is not dead, nor doth He sleep;
The Wrong shall fail,
The Right prevail,
With peace on earth, good-will to men."

The Story

"I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day" has one of the most poignant backstories of any Christmas carol. It was written as a poem, "Christmas Bells," by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow on Christmas Day, 1863, during the darkest period of the American Civil War — and the darkest period of Longfellow's personal life.

Two years earlier, Longfellow's wife Fanny had died in a fire when her dress caught alight from a candle. Longfellow was badly burned trying to save her and was too injured to attend her funeral. He sank into deep depression. Then, in November 1863, his eldest son Charles was severely wounded in battle at the Mine Run campaign. It was while Charles lay recovering that Longfellow sat down on Christmas Day and wrote the poem.

The poem moves from hope ("peace on earth, good-will to men") to despair ("there is no peace on earth... hate is strong and mocks the song") before arriving at a hard-won faith: "God is not dead, nor doth He sleep; the Wrong shall fail, the Right prevail." This emotional arc — from grief through doubt to defiant hope — gives the carol a depth and authenticity that few Christmas songs can match. The melody most commonly used today was composed by John Baptiste Calkin in 1872.

🎶 Notable Recordings

01
Casting Crowns 2008

A contemporary Christian version that charted nationally

02
Sarah McLachlan 2006

A hauntingly beautiful folk interpretation

03
Frank Sinatra 1964

A warm, contemplative big-band arrangement

Fun Facts

01

Longfellow wrote the poem on Christmas Day 1863, while his wounded son recovered from Civil War injuries.

02

His wife had died tragically in a fire just two years earlier.

03

The original poem had seven verses — the two that reference the Civil War directly are usually omitted when sung.